Tidak Islamiknya Pembangunan di Negara Islam
The Non-Islamic Development in Islamic Countries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7187/GJAT352013.03.01Keywords:
Islamic development, Non-Islamic development, Islamic Countries, Umar bin Abdul Aziz, Khulafa’ al-RasyidinAbstract
The end of the Khulafa al-Rasyidin rule, that is, Khalifah Ali, saw the Islamic development system underwent drastic changes. Almost all leaders were no longer manifesting an Islamic development comprehensively except during the time of Umar bin Abdul Aziz (717AD). The Islamic development system which had been previously destroyed was upheld by Umar bin Abdul Aziz in accordance with the teachings of Islam. However, after his reign development patterned by adapting the ideology of the rule of power holders. This situation continues until modern times. This paper tries to explain why the Islamic development system was badly affected after the Khulafa al-Rashidin rule until modern time. The findings in this paper show the abandonment of Islamic development for a long period of time has caused it to be less known in the Muslim world. In such circumstances leaders rarely develop in line with the dictates of Islamic tenets except by adapting the interests of powerful leaders. The existence of the industrial revolution in Western Europe under the umbrella of secularism had imprisoned the thoughts of the leaders and thus crippled the Muslim community confidence in the significance of the Islamic concept of development. It resulted in the development of Muslim countries to be inclined and based on the secular system as opposed to the Islamic development system which is viewed as having more success and vigour in effecting development.
References
Abdul Rahman, H. A. (2010). Wacana Falsafah Sains: Sejarah dan Pemikiran. Pusat Kajian Pengurusan Pembangunan Islam (ISDEV), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Al-Aziz, A. (1998). Bapa Pembangunan Turki Moden: Pendita Yang Hilang Mustapa Kamal Ataturk Ideologi dan Kesan Ke atas Rakyat Turki. Usnie Publisher, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Al-Banna, H. (1988). Konsep Pembaruan Masyarakat Islam, Su’adi Sa’ad (Penterj.). Thinker’s Library Sdn Bhd, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Al-Alawi, T. J. (1995). Krisis Pemikiran Moden: Diagnosis dan Cara Pemulihan. Muhammad Firdaus (Penterj.). The International Institute of Islamic Thought, Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Al-Qaradawi, Y. (1998). Permasalahan Umat Islam Masa Kini, Muhammad Baihaqi (Penterj).
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Al-Qaradawi, Y. (1999). Pertentangan Islam dan Sekular: Sekular Pasti Tersungkur. Juanda bin Haji Jaya (Penterj.). Otopack & Print Sdn. Bhd, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Malaysia.
Al-Qaradawi, Y. (2000). Ciri-Ciri Unggul
Masyarakat Islam Yang Kita Idamkan. Mohammad Zaini (Penterj.). Penerbitan Seribu Dinar, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Amuzegar, J. (1993). Iran’s Economy Under the Islamic Republic. I. B. Tauris & 7 Co Ltd, United Kingdom, London.
Bakhash, S. (1985). The Reign of the Ayatollahs: Iran and the Islamic Revolution. Counterpoint, United Kingdom, London.
Boland, B. J. (1985). Pergumulan Islam Di Indonesia. Safroedin Bahar (Penterj.). PT. Grafiti Pers, Jakarta, Indonesia.
CNN Wire Staff (2010). Ahmadinejad Blames Capitalism for Global. Dipetik dari http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/meast/09/21/un.ahmadinejad/index.html?eref=edition. Dipetik pada 20 Disember 2010.
Eramuslim (2009). Presiden Iran: Tolak Sistem Perekonomian Kapitalis. Dipetik dari http://www.eramuslim.com/berita/duniaislam/presiden-iran-hati-hati-dengan-sistemkapitalisme-barat.htm#.UQ9A2fJxlGF. Dipetik pada 4 Februari 2013.
Endang, S. A. (1997). Piagam Jakarta 22 Jun 1945: Sebuah Konsensus Nasional Tentang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia (1945-1949). Gema Insani Press, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Hamka (1994). Sejarah Umat Islam. Pustaka Nasional Pte. Ltd, Singapura.
Ibnu Khaldun (2011). Mukaddimah. Masturi, Malik Supar dan Abidun Zuhri (Penterj.).Pustaka al-Kautsar, Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.
Ibrahim, W. (2000). Islamic Finance in the Global Economy. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, London.
Idris, Z. (1997). Kemajuan Negara dan Gejala Sosial, Kupasan Falsafah. Dalam: Pemikir. Julai September, Utusan Melayu (Malaysia) dengan kerjasama Institut Kajian Strategik Antarabangsa (ISIS) dan Jurnal Foreign Affairs, 9: 144-158.
Islami, D. (2010). Ahmadinejad Offers 5th Development Plan to Majlis. Dipetik dari http://www.islamidavet.com/english/2010/01/10/ahmadinejad-offers-5th-development-plan-tomajlis/. Dipetik pada 20 Disember 2010.
Izmi.wordpress.com (2009). Ahmadinejad:Tinggalkan Sistem Kapitalis. Dipetik dari http://izmi.wordpress.com/2009/04/30/ahmadinejadtinggalkan-sistem-ekonomi kapitalis. Dipetik pada 4 Februari 2013.
M-Siraj, S. (2002). Interpreting Sharia. Dipetik dari http:///www.oneworld.org/index_ oc/news/Sudan241197.html. Dipetik pada 25 April 2002.
Mahayuddin, H. Y., & Ahmad Jelani, H. (1993). Sejarah Islam. Fajar Bakti Sdn. Bhd, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Malek, B. ( 1991). Islam Dalam Sejarah dan Masyarakat. Ismail Ahmad (Penterj.). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka dan Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Muhammad, Q. (1979). Petunjuk Sepanjang Jalan. El-Ikhwan Enterprise, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Muhammad Rasyid, R. (1991). Wahyu Ilahi Kepada Muhammad. Saifuddaulat al-Firdausy (Penterj.). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka dan Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Muhammad Syukri, S. (2003). 7 Prinsip Pembangunan Berteraskan Islam. Zebra Edition, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Muhammad Syukri, S. (1987). Pembangunan Berteraskan Islam. Penerbit Fajar Bakti Sdn. Bhd, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Muhammad Syukri, S. (1990). Konsep dan Pelaksanaan Pembangunan Berteraskan Islam. Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Muhammad Syukri, S. (2000). Pembangunan Zaman Rasulullah S.A.W.: Antara Kemiskinan dan Kekayaan. Pejabat Mufti Kerajaan Pulau Pinang dan Projek Pengurusan Pembangunan Islam (IDMP), Pusat Pengajian Sains Kemasyarakatan, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Muhammad Syukri, S., & Masudul, A. C. (1999). Islamic Political Economy. Dalam ‘Philip O’Hara’, ed., Encyclopedia of Political Economy. Routledge, London and New York.
Muhammad Tahir (2008). Fenomena Pembangunan Berteraskan Islam (Siri 1). Dalam: Majalah I (Informasi, Inovasi, Ilmiah, Intelek, Internasional dan Islamik). April. 66: 64-66.
Muhyiddin, Y. (1995). Kata Pengantar. Dalam: Taha Jabir al-‘Alawi. Krisis Pemikiran Moden: Diagnosis dan Cara Pemulihan. Muhammad Firdaus (Penterj.). The International Institute of Islamic Thought, Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Mustaffa, K. A. (1994). Menangani Cabaran Membina Kecemerlangan Tamadun Ummah. Budaya Ilmu Sdn.Bhd, Selangor, Malaysia.
Pan, P. P. (2003). Political Experiment Stumbles In Turkey: Effort To Reconcile Islam. Dipetik dari http://www.wasingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A42727-2003Apr26.html. Dipetik pada 12 Mei 2003.
Rafsanjani (2001). Keadilan Sosial: Pandangan Islam Tentang HAM, Hegemoni Barat dan Solusi Dunia Modern. Anna Farida (Penterj.). Penerbit Nuansa, Bandung, Indonesia.
Reza, A. (2012). Iran: Simbol Anti Imperialisme Setengah Hati. Dipetik dari http://www.hidayatullah.com/read/20711/17/01/2012/iran:-simbol-anti-imperialisme-setengah-hati!.html. Dipetik pada 17 Januari 2012.
Vatikiotis, M. R. J. (1993). Indonesian Politics Under Suharto: the Rise and Fall of the New Order. Routledge, London, United Kingdom.
Wan Mohd. Nor, W. D. (2001). Pembangunan Di Malaysia Ke arah Satu Kefahaman Baru Yang Lebih Sempurna. Institut Antarabangsa Pemikiran dan Tamadun Bangsa (ISTAC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Ziaudin, S. (1990). Masa Hadapan Islam: Bentuk Idea Yang Akan Datang. Mohd. Sidin Ahmad Ishak (Penterj.). Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
GJAT provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
