Elemen Kebangsawanan dalam Pemilihan Pemimpin: Analisis Kontekstual Pemilihan Saidina Abu Bakr, Muawiyyah serta Kesultanan Melayu

Aristocratic Elements in Leader Election: Contextual Analysis in The Election Of Saidina Abu Bakr, Muawiyyah and Malay Sultanate

Abstract

The selection of Islamic leaders in this task is of great importance. It is consistent with its importance as this is being seen as ensuring the successor of the Prophet (pbuh) to spread Islam and sustaining Islamic survival administration. Nonetheless, the focus of this paper is on the appointment of aristocratic leaders in Islam. This study focuses on the history of how the elements of aristocratic Quraish affected the selection of Abu Bakr who became the most influential factor in his appointment as the first Muslim caliph, Muawiyyah as the first Umayyad leaders. This study also focusses on the aristocracy approach in the selection of the next leaders across Malaya to Malaysia from the point of debate to the appointment of chiefs and Malay sultanate. Subsequently, it scrutinises also the appointment of the Prime Minister who represents the modern era. The methodology used is the study of literature with reference to all the papers relating to matters discussed in this paper. The findings in this literature is that aristocracy is a factor that completes the selection of a leader. However, it is not the ultimate terms in Islamic’s leader election. Even the aristocratic term is also used to suit the local culture as shown in the two contexts of selection of the first caliph of Islam as well as Malaya, and then Malaysia.